Binary Hex and Decimal converter - hit TAB to select one of three conversion types, enter in a value and hit Enter on the keyboard to compute. Full Specifications What's new in version 1.
- I am not sure if the hex file is from the original source code. I only got what the owner gives me. When I ran the new code, AVR studio did not call the tmr0isr.c, this sets the timer for the functionality of the code.
- File to hexadecimal converter. Client-side (javascript, no data is sent to server) file to hexadecimal code conversion. Be careful with files 1 MB (possible high resource consumption, e.g. Chromium 46 has serious problems when loading few MB of text into textarea, offline tools might be better for large files).
| What specifically is the bool converting from? |
There's a lot going on:
Think about this statement for a moment:
std::cout << 'hello' << ' ' << 'worldn';If you go to your favorite reference page (e.g. http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/operator_precedence ) and look up the associativity of the operator<<, you'll find that it is left-associative, and so the statement above is semantically equivalent to
(((std::cout << 'hello') << ' ') << 'worldn');In order to get this to print 'hello', then a space, then 'world', the result of
(std::cout << 'hello') must be 
std::cout itself, or at least look like it. That implies that ((std::cout << 'hello') << ' ') is similarly std::cout itself, or close, and the entire full-expression (((std::cout << 'hello') << ' ') << 'worldn') is also std::cout
. The same idea is applied to all other streams, too, no matter which way the arrows face, or what the names are. This includes
src in your code above: (src >> buf)
results in src itself, or something close to it.This technique is called 'method chaining', and the point of this is to show that for any stream - std::cin, any std::istream, std::ifstream, std::cout, std::ostream, std::ofstream, etc.: the expressions
input_stream >> variable; andoutput_stream << variableresult in input_stream and output_stream respectively.
Every stream has an error state, and can be converted into a bool. If the stream is in an error state, then an I/O operation upon the stream does nothing and returns the stream.
If the stream is not in an error state, then an I/O operation upon the stream is attempted. If and only if the I/O operation fails, the stream's error state is set. Then, the stream is returned.
Binary To Hex File Converter
When the stream is converted to bool, the result is true if and only if the stream is not in an error state. Otherwise, the result is false.In the loop
while (src >> buf),The expression (src >> buf) is used as a boolean condition. If the stream state is good, the read is attempted and if it is successful, buf is given the new value, and the loop runs. If the stream state is not good, the read is never attempted and the loop never runs.
Unlike
while (!str.eof()),